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Mecca ( / ˈmɛkə /; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, [a] commonly shortened to Makkah [b]) is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia and the holiest city according to Islam. [3] It is 70 km (43 mi) inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley 277 m (909 ft) above sea level.
The Kaaba, [b] sometimes referred to as al-Ka'ba al-Musharrafa, [d] is a stone building at the center of Islam 's most important mosque and holiest site, the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. [2] [3] [4] It is considered by Muslims to be the Bayt Allah (Arabic: بَيْت ٱللَّٰه, lit.
Masjid al-Haram ( Arabic: ٱَلْمَسْجِدُ ٱلْحَرَام, romanized : al-Masjid al-Ḥarām, lit. 'The Sacred Mosque'), [4] also known as the Sacred Mosque or the Great Mosque of Mecca, [5] is considered to be the most significant mosque in Islam.
Mecca. Mecca is considered the holiest city in Islam, as it is home to Islam's holiest site Kaaba in Al-Masjid Al-Ḥaram (The Sacred Mosque ). [1] [4] Only Muslims are allowed to enter this place. [12] The area of Mecca, which includes Mount Arafah, [13] Mina and Muzdalifah, is important for the Ḥajj (' Pilgrimage ').
Main article: Mina, Saudi Arabia. Mina overview. It is a valley surrounded by mountains and is considered one of the sacred sites situated 6 km to the east of the city of Mecca. [2] It is a remarkable site due to its role that it plays during Hajj, where pilgrims spend most of their time in Mina. It contains the three stone pillars ( Jamarat ).
Hajj ( / hɑːdʒ /; [1] Arabic: حَجّ, romanized :Ḥajj; also spelled Hadj, Haj or Haji) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, [2] the holiest city for Muslims. Hajj is a mandatory religious duty for Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by all adult Muslims who are physically and financially ...
100 BCE - "Yemeni tribes of Jurham rule Mecca." [1] 570 CE - Year of the Elephant and the birth of Muhammad. 605 CE - Quraish rebuild Kaaba after it was damaged in floods. [2] 613 CE - Muhammad starts preaching publicly in Mecca. [3] 622 CE / 0-1 H - Muhammad migrates from Mecca to Medina, with followers ( muhajirun ).
Umrah. The Umrah ( Arabic: عُمْرَة, lit. 'to visit a populated place') is an Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, the holiest city for Muslims, located in the Hejazi region of Saudi Arabia. It can be undertaken at any time of the year, in contrast to the Ḥajj ( / hædʒ /; [1] "pilgrimage"), which has specific dates according to the Islamic ...